ZHANG HUAN, born in 1965 in Henan Province, China, currently works and lives in Shanghai and is one of the most controversial artists in the global contemporary art field, as well as one of the leading artists of the Chinese new wave art movement that emerged in the 1980s and 1990s.
In 1991, Zhang Huan moved to Beijing to study oil painting at the Central Academy of Fine Arts. In 1993, he moved to the “East Village” on the outskirts of the city to live with like-minded artists. His best-known early performances, including 12 Square Meters, To Add One Meter to an Anonymous Mountain and To Raise the Water Level in a Fishpond, were created there. Using his body and actions as subject matter, these works addressed the relationship between physical endurance and spiritual tranquility.
In 1998 Zhang Huan was invited to New York to participate in Asia Society’s exhibition Inside Out: New Chinese Art. After that he lived in the U.S. for seven years. His performances during this period often reflected on his experiences in the city and his ethnic identity in a foreign land. Starting with My America (Hard to Acclimatize), he developed a series of performances, including My New York, My Australia, My Rome, My Sydney, My Japan and My Boston, to explore issues of belonging and assimilation in a globalized community, and to express his responses to different geographical locations.
In 2005, Zhang Huan returned to his motherland, China. He established a 7,000-square-meter studio in Shanghai, where he began to seek greater connections with Chinese heritage and history. This marked a new direction in his work, as he turned from performance art to focusing on sculpture, painting and installation. He also devoted himself to the discovery and application of diverse materials such as animal skin, feathers, antique wooden doors, incense ash, etc. Among all, the use of burnt incense, the product of religious offerings, strengthens the link between his art and Buddhist practices.
Apart from making art, Zhang Huan also involves himself in works of social education, such as establishing Gaoan Foundation in Shanghai, building Zhang Huan Primary Schools in poor areas, and providing scholarship opportunities at ten renowned universities in China.